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Wood Duck - Nest Dump
Wood Duck (Aix sponsa)
Dump-Nests
While the normal brood size for wood ducks is 10 to 15, nests have been found to
contain 30 eggs or more. These extra eggs are the result of "egg dumping" or
intraspecific brood parasitism. Egg dumping occurs as a result of several
factors, including nest predation and lack of available nest sites. Dumping
occurs when a female wood duck, frequently a first-year breeder, follows another
hen to hidden or scarce nest sites during the egg-laying period. The visiting
bird is stimulated to lay eggs in the nest of the other hen. In the wild, this
impulse is kept in check because wood ducks normally nest in isolated locations.
Artificial nesting structures are often mistakenly erected close together and in
highly visible locations, such as the center of a pond. This creates a situation
where egg dumping is common, and overall reproductive success plummets. A hen
whose nest is dumped with too many eggs may abandon it; the result is a huge
amount of wasted reproductive effort. In a natural scenario, approximately 80
percent of eggs hatch. But where egg dumping is out of control, hatch rates may
drop to as low as 10 percent. Because of this, it is critical to locate nest
boxes in isolated locations as described above. If wood ducks are very rare in
the area, it may be necessary to place boxes in open areas initially to
encourage use, and then moving them to more secretive locations as the
population increases.
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